40 FATF 40 Recommendations
13

Recommendation 13 · Group D · Preventive Measures

Former: R.7

Correspondent banking

Recommendation 13 imposes specific due diligence on cross-border correspondent banking — the relationships between banks where one bank (the correspondent) provides services to another bank (the respondent). The correspondent must understand the respondent's AML/CFT controls, obtain senior management approval, document responsibilities, and prohibit relationships with shell banks and through 'payable-through accounts'.

Who must comply?

  • Banks providing cross-border correspondent banking services
  • Banks acting as respondents in correspondent relationships
  • Securities firms with similar cross-border relationships

Key requirements

  1. 1

    Gather sufficient information about the respondent

    Understand fully the nature of the respondent's business, its reputation and the quality of its supervision — including whether it has been subject to ML/TF investigation or regulatory action.

  2. 2

    Assess the respondent's AML/CFT controls

    Evaluate the respondent's anti-money laundering and counter-terrorist financing programmes — including CDD, transaction monitoring, suspicious-transaction reporting and sanctions screening.

  3. 3

    Senior management approval

    Obtain approval from senior management before establishing new correspondent relationships. The decision must be documented with the rationale and risk profile.

  4. 4

    Document respective AML/CFT responsibilities

    Clearly document the AML/CFT responsibilities of each institution — particularly regarding payment-through accounts, third-party KYC reliance, and screening obligations.

  5. 5

    Payable-through accounts

    Where the correspondent allows the respondent's customers direct access to the correspondent's account, the correspondent must satisfy itself that the respondent has performed CDD on those customers and can provide relevant data on request.

  6. 6

    Prohibition of shell banks

    Financial institutions must refuse to enter into, or continue, a correspondent banking relationship with shell banks (banks with no physical presence and not affiliated with a regulated group) — and must satisfy themselves that respondents do not allow shell-bank access.

Practical example

Example: a US bank evaluates a Mexican respondent

A US bank evaluates whether to open a USD nostro account for a Mexican SOFOM ENR. Under R.13: the US bank requests the SOFOM's AML manual, organisational chart, list of senior compliance officers, results of recent CNBV inspections, sanctions-screening procedures, and a sample of suspicious-transaction reports filed in the past year. The Bank's Country Risk Committee approves the relationship with conditions: monthly transaction-volume reporting, quarterly review, immediate notification of any regulatory action, and explicit prohibition of routing transactions for any unregulated VASP.

How Mexico implements it

Country-specific section in Spanish — Mexican regulatory references (LFPIORPI, CNBV, SAT, UIF).

México regula la banca corresponsal en el régimen financiero (LIC + DCG CNBV):

Disposiciones CNBV — Banca corresponsal

Las DCG aplicables a instituciones de crédito establecen los requisitos para entablar relaciones de corresponsalía: due diligence sobre el respondiente, aprobación de alta dirección, documentación de responsabilidades, prohibición de bancos pantalla.

De-risking — un riesgo real

Un fenómeno relacionado con la R.13 es el de-risking: bancos corresponsales (especialmente estadounidenses) cierran relaciones con bancos respondientes en mercados percibidos como de alto riesgo. México ha sufrido este efecto, particularmente en remesas y transacciones con el sector cripto.

Banxico y supervisión

Banxico monitorea el sistema de pagos transfronterizos (SPID, SPEI) y coopera con la CNBV en la supervisión de relaciones de corresponsalía. Cualquier debilitamiento del régimen ALA mexicano puede impactar el acceso de la banca mexicana a corresponsales globales.

Milestones

  1. 2003

    Original Recommendation 7 on correspondent banking

  2. 2012

    Renumbered as Recommendation 13 with broader scope

  3. 2016

    FATF Guidance on correspondent banking addresses de-risking

  4. 2025

    October 2025 update reinforces nesting and shell-bank prohibitions

Related Recommendations

Other Recommendations in Group D — Preventive Measures

Official citation

FATF (2012-2025), International Standards on Combating Money Laundering and the Financing of Terrorism & Proliferation, Recommendation 13, FATF, Paris, France. Last updated October 2025.

Read the official text on fatf-gafi.org